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Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences (NJES) is dedicated to preserving the integrity of the scientific record. While we strive for accuracy, we recognize that errors or misconduct can occur. In such cases, it is necessary to correct the literature within acceptable and established boundaries.
1. General Principles We distinguish between scientific errors (honest mistakes, negligence, or miscalculations) and scientific fraud (intentional misconduct). Treating honest errors with care is essential to avoid jeopardizing scientific careers unnecessarily.
2. Article Corrections (Errata) The Editorial Board may issue a Correction for published articles when honest errors are identified that do not invalidate the overall results but could be misleading to readers.
Examples: Typos, minor statistical errors, or miscalculations.
Process: Publishers correct the literature according to the instructions of the Editorial Board and assigned reviewers.
3. Expression of Concern An Expression of Concern may be issued by the Editor if:
Evidence of misconduct is found to be inconclusive.
The evidence appears to be biased.
The investigation into alleged misconduct is still in progress and a final verdict may take time.
4. Article Retraction The Editorial Board retains the right to retract a published manuscript and send the authors a retraction note in the following circumstances:
Unethical Conduct: The research was found to be unethical.
Plagiarism: Evidence of plagiarism is found.
Redundant Publication: The findings have been previously published without proper referencing or permission.
Authorship Disputes: The author or contributor lists are found to be questionable and require further investigation.
5. Article Withdrawal Authors are expected to ensure their manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere. If an author wishes to withdraw a manuscript during the peer review process, they must notify the editor immediately.
Sanctions: In cases of repeated offenses (e.g., duplicate submission) or unprofessional behavior, the Editorial Board retains the right to refuse the manuscript and reject future submissions from the authors involved.
6. Legal and Institutional Involvement
Legal Action: As for cases of severe misconduct (e.g., multiple authors committing serious unethical practices), notification will be issued to the Legal Department of the College of Engineering at Al-Nahrain University to consider legal actions where necessary.
Institutional Notification: In cases such as data fabrication, falsification, or stolen data where investigation is beyond the means of the Editorial Board, the author’s institution may be notified to assist in evidence acquirement.