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Go to Editorial ManagerCascade single mode-No Core - single mode fiber structure (SNS) optical filters have garnered a lot of interest as dependable optical devices. These devices' simplicity, compactness, affordability, all-fiber design, low transmission loss, and ability to continuously adjust the laser wavelength at a particular spectral range contribute to their dependability. The operation's foundation is multimode interference (MMI) and self-image phenomena. SNS filter based on optimized 4th self-imaging condition for different NCF- Specifications was theoretically optimized a tunable filter based on a cascade single mode-no core-single mode (SNS) fiber structure encircled by Ferrofluid was experimentally investigated. The findings indicate that reducing the NCF diameter can enhance the filter's tunability. device has applications in fiber laser technology, spectroscopy, and optical communication.
The recent progress in integrated photonics has promoted microwave photonic filter (MPF) technologies to a supreme level to develop wireless, radar, and internet communication systems. Therefore, the specifications that distinguish the MPF chip include small size, low power, and inexpensive. The MPF that utilized these technologies has demonstrated the merit of wide frequency tuning and reconfiguring by selecting the desired spectral content and rejecting the sideband signals furthermore the immunity to electromagnetic interference. This paper reviews recent techniques involved in microwave filter design on multiple platforms, which involve cascaded micro-ring resonator (MRR), ring-assisted Mach-Zehender-Interferometer (MZI) coupler, Brillion-active waveguide, reflector-type MRR, and Bragg grating with phase shifts. In particular, we demonstrated the output characteristics of the microring integrated with a Mach–Zehnder interferometer coupler technique.