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Go to Editorial ManagerNumerical and experimental investigations were carried out on the effect of the vortex generators on the flow field and heat transfer from duct heaters. The flow Reynolds number ranging from 32000<Re<83000 with a constant heat flux of 43.09426._x000D_ In the numerical investigation, Fluent package (6.3) was used to solve the steady, (3-D), continuity, momentum and energy equations where the standard (k-?) model was used to remedy the turbulent effects. Theoretical results show that the presence of VGs would save 27% of heaters power. The effects of two areas of VGs were looked at a small circle cross section vortex generator (SCCSVG) and a big circle cross section vortex generator (BCCSVG) of similar shapes (where)._x000D_ The experimental results showed that there were an enhancement in heat transfer with the presence of VGs and heat transfer depends on VGs’ areas. The BCCSVG was the better one of enhancing heat transfer by (2.76%-4.11%). Additionally, the increase of area of VGs, number of rows for VGs and the distance between each two rows of VGs and the heaters are the most effective parameters in improving the performance of heat transfer.
A substantial amount of research has been dedicated to improving the efficiency of heat exchangers, which are extensively utilized in electronic equipment, heating and air conditioning systems, space vehicles, thermal power systems, industrial applications, and transportation. Enhancing the efficiency of these devices can lead to significant reductions in materials, cost, and space. Constructal design offers a promising approach to optimizing various heat transfer systems, including electronic packages, by applying the constructal law to achieve optimal configurations. This review aims to examine recent advancements in the application of constructal design theory to heat exchangers and its potential for enhancing thermal performance. The most recent state-of-the-art developments are thoroughly described, along with their evaluating parameters, and recommendations for further research in this field are provided.
Road transport undeniably constitutes the predominant mechanism for facilitating the transportation of both goods and individuals on a global scale, serving as an essential backbone for economic and social interactions across diverse regions and cultures. The noticeable decrease in the flow of vehicles, which can be attributed to a plethora of internal and external factors, with a particular emphasis on the phenomenon of congestion, has profound implications that significantly influence fuel consumption rates, contribute to pollution associated with emissions, adversely affect the health and well-being of bystanders, and culminate in a considerable loss of time for individuals navigating these congested environments. In light of their elevated population densities coupled with their classification as emerging economies, South Asian countries find themselves necessitated to implement automated systems for the critical processes of predicting, identifying, and effectively addressing the challenges posed by road traffic congestion in order to enhance urban mobility and overall transport efficiency. This thorough research carefully explores the various techniques that have been utilized to recognize traffic congestion, presenting an extensive assessment of their individual strengths and weaknesses, thus offering insightful observations about the existing situation in this field of study. The examination of the diverse approaches and advanced technologies that have been utilized for the operation of lane-less roadways have been conducted, revealing substantial potential for further innovations that could greatly assist future researchers in their endeavors to enhance traffic management and improve roadway safety and efficiency.