×
The submission system is temporarily under maintenance. Please send your manuscripts to
Go to Editorial ManagerMany joints in the body depend on cartilage for their mechanical function. Since cartilage lacks the ability to self-heal when injured, treatments and replacements for damaged cartilage have been created in recent decades. The mechanical tests had an important role in the treatment and designing of the replaced cartilage. There are two types of cartilages in the knees: fibrocartilage (the meniscus, it is a special type of cartilage) and hyaline cartilage. Its mechanical properties are important because structural failure of cartilage is closely related with joint disorders. This study aimed to determine the stress-strain curve to give broader understanding of the material’s properties. The results of this study could help to develop computational models for evaluating mechanics of knee joint, predicting possible failure locations and disease progression in joints.The study involved two specimens taken from bovine, the first was the articular cartilage with subchondral bone and the second was the meniscus cartilage each one loaded on a compressive testing machine to compute the displacement, and the force applied, enabling the calculation of the stress-strain curve of the material.Specimen failure occurred in the articular cartilage surface at a force break of 73.8N and get force peak about 87.2 N. The meniscus cartilage failure had occurred at a force break of 29.2 N and get force peak about 34.9 N.
Researches are now being conducted on redesign as well as micro ergonomic interventions. Most micro-surgical tool designs concentrate on the manipulation of targeted tissue instead of the surgeon's hand, and this presents a new research opportunity for better fitting the equipment to the surgeon's hand. So the objective is to examine the advancements made in the last few years and provide a framework for ergonomic intervention framework regarding manufacturing systems. With the use of words like ergonomic design, intervention, and evaluation," the titles and abstracts of ergonomics publications were filtered to find relevant research. The paper describes the way that the concept of micro-ergonomics can enhance the design of the micro-instruments. Finally, an application of a new surgical instrument is stated as a pen needle holder designed by SOLIDWORK 22 which creating a wide range of possible uses for futuristic technology. In future, neurosurgical equipment design will incorporate concepts from surgical tool design together with penization, microergonomics, and electronics.
The Ilizarov system is a form of external fixation device utilized by medical professionals to aid patients who have sustained injuries from accidents, bone shortening, or nonunion of the bone. The device is fixed onto the long bone of the patient and is adjusted according to the nature of the injury. Ilizarov's techniques are minimal invasiveness, not aggressive, spare tissues and involve little blood loss. It consists of wires that are secured to a modular circular frame and then tightened. The Ilizarov fixator is a valuable tool for treating acute fractures, especially in cases where there is bone loss and compromised soft tissue. Several studies have aimed to improve the effectiveness of Ilizarov fixation through modifications to its frame components, such as ring diameter, transosseous element diameter, ring separation, transosseous element count in each ring, and number of rings, as well as the type of transosseous element employed, including wires, full-pins, or half-pins. Furthermore, positioning of transosseous elements at the correct crossing angle without damaging the nerves and vessels while considering the intricacy of bone deformities. Recent advancements in Ilizarov fixation will be thoroughly reviewed in this manuscript, with a particular focus on improving the stiffness of the entire frame. The main objective of this review is to pinpoint the optimal configurations, with a particular focus on stiffness, in order to foster stability and ensure a successful recuperation.
The present work is a manual that describes the practical aspects of optimizing dental precision by virtual dentoskeletal modeling, use the precises model in virtual planning, and splint design of orthognathic surgery. A single case study is used to demonstrate the stages involved in this approach, which include acquiring CBCT scan data and digital dental models, incorporating this data into developing a virtual dentoskeletal model using superimposition process to replace the unclear teeth. Utilizes virtual assessment and three-dimensional cephalometry to diagnose the maxillofacial deformity of the patient correctly. The results of the diagnosis played a crucial role in formulating a comprehensive plan for dental alignment, which involved osteotomy and correction of bone positions. The final step is to create a personalized splint. The importance of virtual tools is highlighted in our work to optimizing dental precision, diagnose and treat maxillofacial deformities. Present a virtual planning methodology for orthognathic surgeons as well as researchers.
The process of placing the brackets in their proper positions in the field of orthodontics is consider one of the main steps in orthodontic treatment. In order to achieve high accuracy placements for the brackets, many methods are available today, starting from direct and indirect methods, each of them has advantages and disadvantages regarding the accuracy and the time for patient treatment. In this study, a new mechanism is introduce with its mechanical behavior in order to reduce the time required for patient treatment and to increase the accuracy for bracket placements. The newly mechanism was designed using Solidworks CAD software with a total Virtual functionality for all of the parts of the assembly, then a simulation was carried out to find the stress distribution, deformation, and strain on the main parts of the proposed assembly. The finished design shows a high precision mechanism that is able to place brackets one by one on the teeth.
A failing heart can be supported in several ways, including cardiopulmonary bypass pumps (CPB), extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (ECMOs), and other types of auxiliary heart pumps. The intra-aortic-balloon-pump (IABP) is one technique of internal counter-pulsation that supports maintaining the circulatory system It continues to be used as a vascular support device to critically unwell cardiac patients. Many recent studies have focused on the problems of the (IABP) in open-heart surgery, while other researchers concentrated on the positioning and size of the balloon, some of them studied the timing of the balloon's inflation and deflation. this paper has reviewed a brief Introduction, the basic principles of the balloon, how to trigger the balloon pump as well as the use of IABP in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG), balloon mistiming of inflation and deflation, balloon timing usage within open-heart surgery and finally a balloon position and sizing.