Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences
Login
NJES
  • Home
  • Articles & Issues
    • Latest Issue
    • All Issues
  • Authors
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Guide for Authors
    • Submission Resources
    • Authorship
    • Article Processing Charges (APC)
  • Reviewers
    • Guide for Reviewers
    • Become a Reviewer
  • Policies
    • Publication Ethics
    • Plagiarism
    • Allegations of Misconduct
    • Appeals and Complaints
    • Corrections and Withdrawals
    • Open Access
    • Archiving Policy
    • Copyright Policy
  • About
    • About Journal
    • Aims and Scope
    • Editorial Team
    • Journal Insights
    • Peer Review Process
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Announcements
    • Contact

Search Results for design-of-experiments

Article
Optimization of Nano Hydroxyapatite/chitosan Electrophoretic Deposition on 316L Stainless Steel Using Taguchi Design of Experiments

Mohammed Jasim Kadhim, Nawal Ezzat Abdullatef, Makarim Hazim Abdulkareem

Pages: 1215-1227

PDF Full Text
Abstract

The aim of this work is to determine the optimum parameters for deposition of chitosan and mixture of chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HA) layers using electrophoretic deposition.  The layers were on 316L stainless steel substrate. Taguchi approach was utilized to select the optimum parameters for both layers. The parameters used for deposition chitosan are voltage, time and temperature while the parameters used for HA and chitosan are voltage, time, concentration and temperature. Zeta potential tests were employed to measure the solutions stability.  Coating layers were characterized for thickness, porosity and nanoroughness using optical microscopy (OM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).  The results from Taguchi design of experiments demonstrated that the best conditions for deposition of chitosan and HA layers are  50 V, 5 min, 3 g HA/L and 30°C.    The corresponding thickness, % porosity, nanoroughness and microroughness for optimum conditions were 22 µm, 3.53,  4.48 nm and 3.85 µm respectively.

Article
Effect of Different Tool Geometries in Friction Stir Welding of AA 2024-T3 using Design of Experiments

Moneer H. Al-Saadi, Sabah Khammass Hussein, Mursal Luaibi Saad

Pages: 19-26

PDF Full Text
Abstract

In this work, Aluminum alloy (AA2024-T3) was welded by friction stir (FSW) method using different pin profile design types; straight cylinder, threaded cylinder, tapered cylinder hexagonal, square, and threaded taper. For each type, a flat and concave shoulder was used, as well as, the welding process was single and double. The results of mechanical tests are analyzed using design of experiments method (DOE). The best and weaken mechanical properties (tensile strength, bending force and hardness) are observed when the welding is achieved by hexagonal and straight cylinder pin profile respectively. A concave shoulder gave higher mechanical properties as compared with flat shoulder. The change in welding process type presented a sensible effect. Nugget zone hardness is higher than that of base metal for all specimens. The optimum hardness result is recorded by hexagonal pin with concave shoulder profile.

Article
Exploring the Potentials of Laser Induced Forward Transfer  and Laser Annealing Processes for Synthesis/Printing of Silver Nanofilms on Quartz Substrates using Nd:YAG and CO2 Laser Beams

Hanadi H. Altawil

Pages: 118-123

PDF Full Text
Abstract

Laser annealing represents a powerful method for tailoring the properties of silver nanofilms on quartz substrates, offering advantages in terms of precision, scalability, and functionalization. Continued research efforts are expected to deepen our understanding and broaden the applications of this promising technology in diverse fields. In this work, laser annealing of silver nanofilms deposited on quartz substrates was performed and investigated. RF CO2 laser of variable power in the range 1–20 W with beam quality of 1.1 was used to anneal silver nanofilms. AFM analysis emphasized that nanocrystal sizes of 60 nm were obtained for silver nanofilms. Furthermore, the optimum absorbance peak occurred at about 449 nm for smaller film thickness. Thermal simulation and analysis of the annealing process were also conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics software. It was observed that optimal temperature of 729 K was achieved when 10 W laser power and 2 mm/s scanning speed were used to anneal 20 nm silver film thickness. Design of expert analysis was also used to better understand the laser annealing process of silver nanofilms since convolution of several process parameters affect the process output.

Article
Characterization and Fabrication of Ankle Foot Orthoses using Composite with Titanium Nanoparticles

N.J. Khalaf, Sabrine Ben Amor, Borhen Louhichi

Pages: 109-117

PDF Full Text
Abstract

Orthoses and prostheses were Chosen and laminated based on their high Yield, ultimate stresses, bending stresses, and fatigue limit. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized to find the best values for two parameters reinforcement perlon fiber and percent of Titanium Nanoparticle coupled with the matrix resin during optimization. The response surface methodology combined the expertise of mathematicians and statisticians to construct and analyze experimental models. Using this method, we identified 13 different lamination samples comprising a wide range of perlon number and Ti nano Wt% in their Perlon layer composition. All lamination materials defined by RSM methods and produced by a vacuum system were subjected to a battery of tests, with fatigue tests performed on the ideal laminating material in contrast to laminations created in the first study (Tensile test, Bending test, and Fatigue tests according to the ASTM D638 and D790 respectively). In comparison to the other 12 laminations tested using Design Expert version 10.0.2, the lamination with ten perlon layers and 0.75 percent Ti nano proved to be the strongest overall in terms of Yield, ultimate, and bending loads. This study used composite materials and titanium nanoparticles to characterize and fabricate ankle foot orthoses. Strength in bending should amount to about 70 MPa, around 85 MPa in tensile tension. Two empirical quadratic equations for the models of peak bending strength and maximum tensile stress with 95% confidence were created using the response surface approach and analysis of variance within the design of experiments software.

1 - 4 of 4 items

Search Parameters

×

The submission system is temporarily under maintenance. Please send your manuscripts to

Go to Editorial Manager
Journal Logo
Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences (NJES)

College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University

  • Copyright Policy
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Privacy Policy
  • Accessibility
  • Cookie Settings
Licensing & Open Access

CC BY NC 4.0 Logo Licensed under CC-BY-NC-4.0

This journal provides immediate open access to its content.

Editorial Manager Logo Elsevier Logo

Peer-review powered by Elsevier’s Editorial Manager®

Copyright © 2026 College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.