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Go to Editorial ManagerIn the past few years, all over the world, crime against children has been on the rise, and parents always worry about their children whenever they are outside. For this reason, tracking and monitoring children have become a considerable necessity. This paper presents an outdoor IoT tracking system which consists of a child module and a parent module. The child module monitors the child location in real time and sends the information to a database in the cloud which forwards it to the parent module (represented as a mobile application). This information is shown in the application as a location on Google maps. The mobile application is designed for this purpose in addition to a number of extra functions. A Raspberry Pi Zero Wireless is used with a GSM/GPS module on shield to provide mobile communication, internet and to determine location. Implementation results for the suggested system are provided which shows that when the child leaves a pre-set safe area, a warring message pops up on the parent’s mobile and a path from the current parent location to the child location is shown on a map.
The partial shading conditions have a significant effect on the performance of Photovoltaic system and the ability of delivering energy. In this study, the impact of different partial shading on the mono crystalline (88W) PV module performance was investigated in this study. Horizontal string, vertical string, and single cell shading at different percentage of shading area have been studied. It is found that the horizontal string shading is more severe on the efficiency of the PV panel. In contrast, the efficiency of PV panel with cellular and vertical cell shading was less during the tests. The experimental results showed that the power losses were 99.8%, 66% and 56.8 % for horizontal, cellular and vertical shading respectively via applied non transparent material as shading element by 100% of shading area at 500 W/m2. Moreover, transparent material used to shade whole module horizontally, different shading area and different radiation level applied to find electrical characteristics of the module under these conditions. The results show that at 800W/m2 of irradiation levels and no shading condition the power was 68.6W, by increase shading area by 20% in each step, the power reducing by 44.94, 47.58, 49.42, 50.57 and 52.4% in compared with their initial value at no shading condition.
This work suggests a Deep Learning (DL) architecture based on You Only Look Once YOLOv11 for Skin Cancer (SC) detection. The similarity between malignant and benign lesions makes visual inspection a failure to distinguish between them. To solve this problem, the proposed approach uses a 3-step pre-processing stage, namely hair removal, color normalization, and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) contrasts, has been conducted to eliminate artifacts and improve image quality. Balanced data augmentation on the training set of the PROVe-AI dataset. In this process, YOLOv11 with C3k2 module and C2PSA module showed significant results in optimized multi-scale feature collection and spatial interest. The experimental outcome demonstrates that the proposed model has a classification accuracy of 93.09% and led the baseline models, such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The proposed optimized YOLOv11 architecture allows for skin cancer detection in a computationally efficient framework with promising preliminary results so that the proposed approach can be a beneficial Artificial intelligence (AI) tool for early diagnosis, particularly in a lack of high-tech medical facilities.
Spinal alignment examination procedures are frequently employed to assess spinal deformities. The spine plays a crucial role in maintaining the biomechanical functionality of the skeletal system. It protects the spinal cord and facilitates movement, among other vital functions. Various methods, including radiography and non-invasive techniques such as goniometer, inclinometer and kyphometer, have been employed to assess spine alignment qualitatively. Nevertheless, these methods are characterized by a high radiation dose and require significant time. Consequently, this study aimed to develop and create a portable, user-friendly, radiation-free computer-assisted electromechanical device to assess spinal deformities. This device is designed to evaluate sagittal spinal alignment by estimating the angle between two vertebrae for the segmental and global thoracic and lumbar regions, and the length of the spine. This study highlighted the importance of the method in evaluating spinal alignment. The MPU-6050 sensor was employed to record the angle between the two vertebrae, while the rotary encoder was utilized to measure the length of the spine. Subsequently, the data was transmitted to a computer over a Bluetooth module connection, following processing by the Arduino Nano microcontroller. The proposed system was employed on five healthy adult subjects to evaluate their standing posture in the sagittal plane, namely in the upright, flexion, and extension positions. The resulting parameters that define spinal alignment are provided. The suggested system offers the benefits of simplicity, portability, and cost-effectiveness, allowing for rapid and accurate assessment of sagittal spinal alignment. It enables quick clinical assessment and provides few health risks to the patient, leading to correct diagnosis.
Hydrogen fuel is a good alternative to fossil fuels. It can be produced using a clean energy without contaminated emissions. This work is concerned with experimental study on hydrogen production via solar energy. Hybrid photovoltaic thermal system (PV/T) is used to convert solar radiation to electrical and thermal energy. The electrical energy is used to analyze water into hydrogen and oxygen by using alkaline water electrolyzer with stainless steel electrodes. The absorbed thermal energy is used to heat circulating water inside the copper serpentine pipe fixed on the back surface of the PV panel. A perforated pipe connected on the upper edge of PV panel is used to spray a thin layer of water on the PV panel surface for auxiliary cooling and improve the generated electrical power. The hydrogen production system is tested at different temperature of electrolysis water (40, 45, 50, 55, 60)?C. The experimental results show that the PV module electrical efficiency is improved by (14.31)%. while the power generated was enhanced by (3.94 to 15.40)%. The maximum hydrogen production rate is 153.3 ml/min, the efficiency of the system is 20.88% and the total amount of hydrogen produced in one day is 220.752 liter.
In recent decades, Iraq has witnessed several military operations. This has led to huge damages to the infrastructure of some main cities. The traditional construction methods seem not to be able to fulfill the rapid reconstruction works needed, while prefabricated building systems seem to be promising. This paper aims at evaluating the possibilities of using prefabrication systems for schools building as a pilot study for wider adoption. An extensive literature review was carried out to identify the features of construction prefabrication and its requirements. Then a thorough investigation of the possibilities of adopting this approach in Iraq and the major expected obstacles was carried out. A questionnaire survey has been conducted with (96) stakeholders who have experience in prefabricated building projects. The results showed that the highest rating of benefits went to time and productivity, while the highest rating of obstacles went to lack of government support. Therefore the top proposed action included the adoption of a clear governmental strategy for change. Finally, the respondents agreed that school building is the most suitable type of projects to start with.